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I will be conducting doctoral research using hypnosis to eliminate performance anxiety in musicians. The problem I am having is convincing an Institutional Review Board (IRB) that hypnosis is safe. The IRB approves or disapproves any research using human subjects. I'm already getting feedback that they will not approve anything having to do with hypnosis and I believe attempting to educate a bunch of stuffy PhD's will be futile.

As such, I am passionate about this research and am considering other terminology. Since "hypnosis" automatically generates negative attention, I have considered substituting that term with one of the following:

imagery training
creative visualization
creative imagery
sensory awareness training

I was wondering if anybody has any thoughts about these terms or has any other ideas to contribute.

Thanks for your time!

Brian

Tags: hypnosis, research, terminology

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Thanks Matt -I'll keep you posted. I'm sure I'll see you sooner than later anyway! My research was put on hold until I passed all of the qualifying exams. That hurdle is now in the past and I'm able to move forward with this. Hopefully the dissertation committee will approve this without any problems!

Brian

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Thank you so much for your feedback, everybody! There are so many great ideas and points to consider here. Regardless of our individual personal views, there is something to glean from every post.

I will agree with Thad, Fable and Ed that the IRB is strictly looking at this type of research from a litigeous perspective. It is cheaper and easier to disapprove research rather getting sued as a result of research done by an incompetent operator (from their eyes). I did find some earlier research with some useful ideas for terminology:

-Meditation as Treatment for Performance Anxiety in Singers

-An examination into the temporal patterning of emotions, cognitions, and coping strategies in instrumental performers

-Biofeedback and cognitive therapy: A combined approach to combating stress in the daily lives of musicians

-EMDR Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a new method in the treatment of performance anxiety for singers

-Performance enhancement for brass musicians using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

-The use of mental strategies by professioal North American stage and film actors

There are also several studies using creative visualization for sports enhancement. I'm also going to do some more preliminary research on using biofeedback as a basis.

Brian

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you might try some spins on the term.....instant behavior modification, or consider yourself a subconscious behaviorist. good luck!

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FYI... just stumbled across this while wandering about the internet with Mr. Google. I suggest you take a look at this study as an example of how your might to do your literature review. I added the bold print to point out key issues.

Hypnosis for Procedure-Related Pain and Distress in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness and Methodology Related to Hypnosis Interventions
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 70-84

Abstract: The aim of this study was to systematically review and critically appraise the evidence on the effectiveness of hypnosis for procedure-related pain and distress in pediatric cancer patients. A comprehensive search of major biomedical and specialist complementary and alternative medicine databases was conducted. Citations were included from the databases' inception to March 2005. Efforts were made to identify unpublished and ongoing research. Controlled trials were appraised using predefined criteria. Clinical commentaries were obtained for each study. Seven randomized controlled clinical trials and one controlled clinical trial were found. Studies report positive results, including statistically significant reductions in pain and anxiety/distress, but a number of methodological limitations were identified. Systematic searching and appraisal has demonstrated that hypnosis has potential as a clinically valuable intervention for procedure-related pain and distress in pediatric cancer patients. Further research into the effectiveness and acceptability of hypnosis for pediatric cancer patients is recommended.

THAL

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you should continue to listen to this person,

Sort of like MY thought, but he is explaining it better.

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Hi Brian,

You got farther than I did -- congratulations!

I wanted to do my Master's thesis on hypnosis at Claremont, back before the days of human research committees, but I could sense my advisor's unease when I presented him with a proposal. When I presented him with a different proposal a couple of weeks later, saying that I thought it would be a better fit for the Gestalt of the Department, his relief was obvious. (Needless to say, I did not present a proposal to do my dissertation on hypnosis!).

I think I may be able to recommend a way out of your dilemma. I would be happy to send you privately a pre-publication copy of the chapter I wrote with Steven J. Lynn on induction procedures in the forthcoming new edition of the Handbook of Clinical Hypnosis, published by the American Psychological Association. We cite research showing that you can get virtually identical results using either visualization or hypnosis. With this research evidence to back it up, the same proposal using the term "visualization" should get you past your human subjects research committee, and the results should get you just as much presentation and publication mileage as if you were calling it hypnosis. Let me know your e-mail address if you're interested.

Good luck!

Don

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Thanks for that, Thal! I found a few articles from the JPSM that will be helpful, but didn't come across this particular one yet. This one certainly has some good ideas about different angles to approach from.

Brian

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Don -I would love to read this. My proposal title (it's still subject to change) is now: Overcoming Stage Fright Through Guided Imagery. This is perfect! I'll send you a private message with my email address.

Thanks!
Brian

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Guided imagery
relaxation training
meditation
self empowerment

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How about if we take everyone who is a bleeding idiot and dunk them into a big well of water like the Puritans used to do until until they say:" I am a bleeding idiot and I now understand that hypnosis is just a designated title for a natural state that we go in and out of many times each day."

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Hi Susan,

Defining hypnosis as a momentary change in awareness ("zoning?") -- is tempting, but so are other definitions which use a more general term. Michael Yapko, the author of Trancework, for instance, defines all communication as hypnosis; and several years ago, Salter, in his book, What is Hypnosis?, defined it as conditioning. Your exasperation is understandable; but instead of Puritan-style waterboarding in order to obtain conformity, why don't we just have a big keg party and induce a state of "hyperembeeria?"

What we use hypnosis for is to obtain an increase in suggestibility, whether it be in clinical or experimental settings; and I think that when we use a definition which goes beyond this we abandon our purpose.. Just try giving a suggestibiity test or a positive suggestion to somebody who is "hypnotized" watching the Super Bowl, for example, or to someone who is lost in listening to a piece of poetry, or to lovers enraptured by each other's gaze. You'll probably get a negative suggestion in return!

We probably could do with another definition, in the time-honored American custom of re-branding when the current brand acquires unsavory associations. But let's not forget what the concept is for in the first place.

There are probably as many altered experiences of consciousness as it is possible to conceive or to imagine, for each of these imagined definitions can be written up in the form of an induction procedure which contains expressed or implied suggestions that these kinds of changes are going to take place, and that is exactly how the person is going to feel. And my evidence for that is hyperempiria, which, unlike the historical accidents which gave rise to Mesmerism and traidiontal hypnosis, was deliberately invented for optimum effect, and which has been found to be just as effective as a traditional induction procedure in facilitating subsequent responsiveness to suggestion -- and, like hyperembeeria, is a lot more fun, and free of the negative stereotypes which have come to be associated with the concept of hypnosis. (Although the latter concept may have a few negative stereotypes of its own.)

Don

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